1. One of the four basic goals of psychology is to: A) listen to, counsel, and console people with problems. B) apply the findings of animal research to abnormal behavior. C) control people. D) describe behavior and mental processes. 2. Wilhelm Wundt focused on: A) nature versus nurture issues and interactive dualism. B) how brain damage contributes to mental illness. C) fundamental psychological processes, such as mental reaction times in response to visual and auditory stimuli. D) the effects of mental illness on families. 3. became the first major school of thought in psychology and relied on a method called introspection. A) Functionalism B) Psychoanalysis C) Behaviorism D) Structuralism 4. The first African American to earn a Ph.D. in psychology was: A) Mary Whiton Calkins. B) Francis C. Sumner. C) Edward B. Titchener. D) G. Stanley Hall. 5. dominated American psychology beginning in the early 1900s. A) Behaviorism B) Psychoanalysis C) Humanism D) Structuralism 6. As one of the advocates of , developed a theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth. A) functionalism; G. Stanley Hall B) psychoanalysis; Sigmund Freud C) humanistic psychology; Abraham Maslow D) structuralism; Edward B. Titchener 7. Which of the following titles would most likely be found in a research journal for neuroscience? A) “Increased levels of the Hormone Testosterone Impact the Brain, Causing Increased Aggressive Behavior in Laboratory Rats” B) “The Effects of Compliments on Helping Behavior” C) “Decreases in Social Functioning Can Be Reversed Through Increased Social Activities in the Older Adults” D) “Spacing Rehearsals During Learning Improves Long-Term Memory for Nonsense Syllables” 8. The perspective emphasizes stud